Institute for Employment Studies (IES) is an independent, apolitical, international centre of research and consultancy in employment policy and human resource management. It works closely with employers, government departments, agencies, and professional and employee bodies. For over 50 years, IES has been a focus of knowledge and practical experience in employment and education policy, the operation of labour markets, and human resource planning and development. IES is not-for-profit organisation. It has around 50 multidisciplinary staff. IES expertise is available to all organisations through research, consultancy, and publications. Our values infuse our work. We strive for excellence, to be collaborative, and to bring curiosity to what we do. We work with integrity and treat people respectfully and with compassion.