Triple P Family Transitions

Level 5 Triple P Family Transitions (TPFT) is for parents with a child aged between 2 and 14 years old experiencing difficulties as a result of parental separation or divorce. TPFT is delivered by a single practitioner to groups of up to eight families through five sessions lasting two hours each. TPFT sessions are intended to be delivered in addition to the Level 4 Group Triple P intervention, resulting in a total of 12 sessions. During the TPFT sessions, parents learn strategies for managing interparental conflict and their overall stress.

The information above is as offered/supported by the intervention provider.

Population characteristics as evaluated

2 to 14 years old

Level of need: Targeted-selected
Race and ethnicities: Not reported

Model characteristics

Group

Setting: Community centre, Home, Children’s Centre or early years setting, Out-patient health setting.
Workforce: A practitioner with experience in a helping profession, such as psychology or social work.
Evidence rating:
Cost rating:

Child outcomes:

  • Preventing crime, violence and antisocial behaviour
    • Improved behaviour

UK available

UK tested

Published: April 2025
Last reviewed: March 2017

Model description

Level 5 Triple P Family Transitions (TPFT) is for parents with a child aged between 2 and 14 years  experiencing difficulties as a result of parental separation or divorce.

TPFT is delivered by a single practitioner to groups of up to eight families through five sessions lasting two hours each. TPFT sessions are intended to be delivered in addition to the Level 4 Group Triple P intervention, resulting in a total of 12 sessions.

TPFT’s content aims to improve parents’ ability to manage the separation transition and reduce their child’s emotional distress. During the sessions, parents are supported to:

  • Improve their personal coping skills in managing separation or divorce transition
  • Increase their competence and confidence in raising children
  • Reduce and manage their personal emotional distress
  • Improve their communication with their former partner about co-parenting issues
  • Support their child’s needs through positive parenting practices
  • Discourage challenging child behaviour through age-appropriate discipline
  • Improve the quality of their relationship with their children.

Age of child

2 to 14 years old

Target population

Parents with a child aged between 2 and 14 years, whose relationship ended less than four years previously, and who are concerned about co-parental conflict, parenting, or child behaviour following the relationship breakdown.

Disclaimer: The information in this section is as offered/supported by the intervention provider.

Why?

Science-based assumption

Parental separation, divorce, and the immediate aftermath can be a stressful transition in the family lifecycle

Parental separation is known to increase the risk of child emotional and behavioural problems during childhood and adolescence.

Science-based assumption

Avoiding conflict and working effectively as co-parents can reduce the stress children experience during parental divorce and separation.

Who?

Science-based assumption

Separating parents can benefit from advice on improving the co-parenting relationship.

How?

Intervention

Parents learn how to:

Work effectively as co-parents while living apart

Reduce inter-parental conflict

Support their children’s needs

Implement age-appropriate discipline

Manage their own stress and wellbeing.

What?

Short-term

Parents are better able to work effectively as co-parents

Families are better able to manage conflict

Parents experience improved wellbeing

Parent–child interaction improves. 

Medium-term

Families are better able to manage post-separation

Children’s emotional wellbeing is supported

Children’s behaviour improves.

Long-term

Children are at less risk of emotional and behavioural problems as they develop.

Who is eligible?

Parents with a child aged between 2 and 14 years old, whose relationship ended less than four years previously, and who are concerned about co-parental conflict, parenting, or child behaviour following the relationship breakdown.

How is it delivered?

Triple P Family Transitions is delivered in five sessions of two hours’ duration each by one practitioner, to groups of approximately eight families.

These five sessions are delivered in conjunction with a Level 4 Triple P intervention.

What happens during the intervention?

Family Transitions Triple P focuses on skills to resolve conflicts with former partners and how to cope positively with stress. Learning is supported through role-play exercises, homework exercises and group discussions involving video-taped examples of effective parenting strategies.

Who can deliver it?

The practitioner who delivers this programme is a Triple P practitioner, who can come from a range of professions (e.g. family support worker).

What are the training requirements?

Practitioners have 37.5 hours of programme training. Practitioners attend two days of training and complete a half-day accreditation session. It is recommended they set aside four to six hours for quiz and competency preparation before accreditation. Booster training of practitioners is not required.

How are the practitioners supervised?

It is recommended that practitioners are supervised by one host-agency supervisor, with 0 hours of intervention training.

What are the systems for maintaining fidelity?

  • Training manual
  • Fidelity monitoring
  • Supervision
  • Accreditation
  • Peer-Assisted Supervision and Support (PASS) Networks
  • Quality assurance checklist for organisations implementing Triple P.

Is there a licensing requirement?

No

Contact details*

*Please note that this information may not be up to date. In this case, please visit the listed intervention website for up to date contact details.

TPFT’s most rigorous evidence comes from a single RCT conducted in Australia consistent with Foundations’ Level 3 evidence strength threshold.

This study observed statistically significant improvements in TPFT’s parents’ reports of the frequency and intensity of child behavioural problems compared to parents not receiving the intervention.

TPFT can be described as evidence-based: it has evidence from at least one rigorously conducted RCT or QED demonstrating a statistically significant positive impact on at least one child outcome.

Child outcomes

Reduced amount of problem behaviour

immediately after the intervention

Improvement index

+17

Interpretation

3.55-point reduction on the Eyberg Child Behaviour Inventory (problem subscale)

Study

1

Reduced intensity of problem behaviour

immediately after the intervention

Improvement index

+11

Interpretation

10.07-point reduction on the Eyberg Child Behaviour Inventory (intensity subscale)

Study

1

Search and review

Identified in search1
Studies reviewed1
Meeting the L2 threshold0
Meeting the L3 threshold1
Contributing to the L4 threshold0
Ineligible0

Study 1

Study designRCT
CountryAustralia
Sample characteristics

205 separated parents with a child aged between 2 and 14 years old.

Race, ethnicities, and nationalities

Not reported

Population risk factors
  • All participants had separated from their ex-partner within the last 4 years, with an average of 1.41 years since separation
  • 72% of parents were in paid employment and just over a third (36%) of parents had an annual family income of less than $30,000 per year.
Timing

Baseline and post-intervention (12 weeks post-baseline). The intervention group also completed a 12-month follow-up measurement, though this was not given to the control group.

Child outcomes
  • Reduced amount of child problem behaviour (parent report)
  • Reduced intensity of child problem behaviour (parent report).
Other outcomes
  • Improved parenting style – overactivity and verbosity (parent report)
  • Reduced anger (parent report)
  • Reduced parental stress (parent report).
Study rating3
Citations

Stallman, H. M. & Sanders, M. R. (2014) A randomized controlled trial of Family Transitions Triple P: A group-administered parenting program to minimize the adverse effects of parental divorce on children. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage. 55 (1), 33–48.

No other studies were identified for TPFT.

Note on provider involvement: This provider has agreed to Foundations’ terms of reference (or the Early Intervention Foundation's terms of reference), and the assessment has been conducted and published with the full cooperation of the intervention provider.

Cost ratings:

Rated 1: Set up and delivery is low cost, equivalent to an estimated unit cost of less than £100.

Rated 2: Set up and delivery is medium-low cost, equivalent to an estimated unit cost of £100–£499.

Rated 3: Set up and delivery is medium cost, equivalent to an estimated unit cost of £500–£999.

Rated 4: Set up and delivery is medium-high cost, equivalent to an estimated unit cost of £1,000–£2,000.

Rating 5: Set up and delivery is high cost. Equivalent to an estimated unit cost of more than £2,000.

Set up and delivery cost is not applicable, not available, or has not been calculated.

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Child Outcomes:

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Supporting children’s mental health and wellbeing: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient.

Preventing child maltreatment: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient.

Enhancing school achievement & employment: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient.

Preventing crime, violence and antisocial behaviour: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient.

Preventing substance abuse: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient.

Preventing risky sexual behaviour & teen pregnancy: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient.

Preventing obesity and promoting healthy physical development: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient.

Evidence ratings:

Rated 2: Has preliminary evidence of improving a child outcome from a quantitative impact study, but there is not yet evidence of causal impact.

Rated 2+: Meets the level 2 rating and the best available evidence is based on a study which is more rigorous than a level 2 standard but does not meet the level 3 standard.

Rated 3: Has evidence of a short-term positive impact from at least one rigorous study.

Rated 3+: Meets the level 3 rating and has evidence from other studies with a comparison group at level 2 or higher.

Rated 4: Has evidence of a long-term positive impact through at least two rigorous studies.

Rated 4+: Meets the level 4 rating and has at least a third study contributing to the Level 4 rating, with at least one of the studies conducted independently of the intervention provider.

Rating has a *: The evidence base includes mixed findings i.e., studies suggesting positive impact alongside studies, which on balance, indicate no effect or negative impact.

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